Installation of everything in Ubuntu including the operating system itself happens with the help of packages.These packages are just like set up files in Windows.Packages are small files that have to be extracted to install anything in Ubuntu.This is mainly done by two software sub systems APT and dpkg.APT stands for Advanced Packaging Tool and dpkg for Debian Package System.dpkg does all the basic hardwork of actually installing and uninstalling packages while APT tracks these changes at a higher level.APT also recognises broken packages and prompts us,if updates are available.
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